The Guiding Three Favorite Characters From Chaucer s Of...

The Guiding Three (Three favorite characters from Chaucer’s General Prologue) There are often times in your life where you look up to some certain people. Normally these people are called your role models. Kids growing up have all different sorts of role models, it can range from athletes, to singers, to just everyday people in their life. Always looking up to these people, you begin to adapt to their ways and aspire to be like them. There are a ton of characters in Chaucer’s story of Canterbury Tales, many of these people which could easily be looked up to, or easily looked down upon as well. Geoffery Chaucer is an extremely important author in English history. He is known as the father of the English language, because he was one that began to actually write in down in ways that we talked. Canterbury Tales is one of his most known and important writings of his time, because of the message and ways he was trying to get his message across. Satire was one of his favorite ways of writing poetry, hints the reason his best work is a classic satire by Chauce r. One way or another, I have three favorite characters from the story: the Knight, Parson, and Oxford Cleric. To begin with, the Knight is one of my favorites because of his honor. This is something that I really aspire to be known for. Whenever you hear of someone that is an honorable person, you immediately begin to think highly of that person. The hard work that is put into getting there is definitely not easy either.

English patient Essay Example For Students

English patient Essay The English Patient, directed by Anthony Minghella, is a romantic, melodramaticfilm which defines the art of cinematography. The internal and external rhythms,lighting, camera angles, lenses, music, dialogue, and editing are displayed in a way whichconveys the meanings and themes to the viewer in such a clear and efficient manner. Due to this fine exhibition, it is of the belief that film schools should use this piece ofartwork as a guide to students who wish to learn what cinematography actually is. Sopoetically did this phenomenal cast tell the story based on Michael Ondaatjes novel, thatafter each viewing , a greater love, understanding, respect and admiration arose withoutOne of the numerous themes of The English Patient is the troubles, hardships andever lasting negative emotions that war causes. It tells us that: even if one is luckyenough to escape the war without physical wounds, emotionally there is no escaping itsimpact. All of the main characters undergo some sort of pain as a result of the warbetween the Axis and Ally forces. The protagonist, Count Laszlo Almasy, a Hungariancartographer, perhaps has been struck the hardest of any. Almasy is rescued from hisplane after it is shot down and is soon mistaken for an English soldier. However, histroubles continue as his body is burnt from head to toe leaving the majority of his bodyimmobile. Almasy is dependent on heavy doses of morphine in order to temporarilyrelieve him of the excruciating pain that he suffers from. Also, if that isnt enough,Almasy fails to save the life of Katherine Clifton, a woman who he loves so dearly. Hana, the British nurse caring for Almasy, fortunately gets through the war without anyphysical damage. Unfortunately, the same cant be said for the emotional impact that shesuffers from. At times, the pain is so severe that Hana wishes death upon herself. Thediligent Nurse feels as if everyone she has ever loved eventually leaves her. Hana has thehorrifying experience of seeing thro ugh her very own eyes the death of her companionJenny during an automobile explosion. In addition, Hanas job requires her to care forwar wounded, dying patients who rely on solely hope to survive. Hana sheds some lighton the situation when she meets, and perhaps falls in love with, the intellectual Indianbomb specialist, Kip. However, as the war moves on and nears its end, Kip must transferpositions leaving Hana alone with only Almasy and Caravaggio. This sudden departureis just one of the several disappointments Hana faces. Minghella outlines this negativetheme throughout the film by displaying numerous tragedies. There exists a parallel between this film and Enrique Maria Remarques All Quieton the Western Front as both show the horrors of war. However, differences lie in thefact that Remarques novel took place during World War I and was a factual retelling. Onthe other hand, The English Patient was based on a novel that set during World War II. Itis of the opinion that although Th e English Patient is a fictitious piece of work, the stylein which it was filmed made the viewers feel that it was as real if not more realistic thanRemarques novel/movie. This was accomplished with the remarkable cinematographyinvolved in the making of this film. Another theme of the film is that of love and romance. These two themes arerepeatedly brought out by the actions of the characters.The most illustrious example ofthis lies in the relationship between Count Laszlo Almasy and Katherine Clifton. Almasyfirst encounters Clifton, in the desert where they flirtatiously argue about the use ofadjectives in literature. Almasy later sees Mrs. Clifton in an outdoor market in Cairowhere Almasy shows his affection towards her for the first time. These feelings arebecome evident through their powerful dialogue. Later, Clifton confronts Almasy abouthim following her home after leaving the market during a slow dancing at a formal affair. The married Clifton, at first reluctant to have any sexual relationship with Almasy, laterfinds herself unable to resist temptation and soon falls in love with the obsessed Almasy. The handsome Almasy shows his love towards Clifton in many ways including walkingfor days across the deserts of Cairo hoping to find a do ctor who can save the woundedClifton. The film extrapolates on their relationship by showing numerous sexualinteractions between the two. The love scenes displayed are intense and intellectualrather than explicit. This was done in order to allow the entire audience to benefit fromPerhaps the most dramatic of these scenes takes place on Christmas in Cairo inthe courtyard of the British Embassy. This scene was extremely significant, and perhapseven climatic, as we see Almasy and Katherine Clifton passionately sexually interact forthe second time. The scene commences when the screen shows the British soldierssitting at a long table in an open courtyard. Katherine walks over to a window on one ofthe walls. This window isnt made of glass, but rather possesses metal bars. Inside theEmbassy, on the other side of the window is Count Almasy. The camera pans asKatherine walks over to the window at which point Almasy tells Katherine of his plan toget her alone. The camera cuts back and forth b etween the two. At this point, a telephotolens is used to concentrate the viewers attention on Katherine and Almasy and theirdialogue rather than on the background events taking place. Music from an orquestra isheard. The music is soft and displays a happy theme as the soldiers celebrate thebirthday of Jesus ChristThe bars on the window are also extremely significant as theyare representative of a force keeping Katherine and Almasy away from each other. Almasy stands behind the window with a shadow casted on his head from metal bars. The bars, running perpendicular to each other, cast a shadow in the shape of a cross. Anironic twist comes as a result of many things. First, there are two Christians planning tocommit adultery. This is both a crime and sin in the Christian religion. It is also ironicthat it is the holiest of holidays, Christmas. Next, there is an appearance of a cross on thehead of Almasy. Along with the separation of the two by the window, these other factorsare attem pting to hint to them not to go through with their plan. The cutting rhythm of this scene is quite dynamic. After we see the shadow onAlmasys face, the camera cuts numerous times in a quick manner and displays the facesof numerous characters. The camera pans as Katherine walks back to her originalposition before going to the window. At this point she is located around the upper left toupper middle portion of the screen. The only lighting observed is the key lightingcoming from the sun. To the right of her is the table where the soldiers sit. They aredressed in uniform, facing one another across the table as they prepare for a toast. Inunison, everyone in the room raises their glasses and chants Merry Christmas. At thisprecise moment the camera is located at a high position directly above the courtyard,tilting down. The downward tilt gives the feeling of being controlled, restricted, or evenspied upon. This adds to the suspense and drama of what is yet to come. .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .postImageUrl , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:hover , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:visited , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:active { border:0!important; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:active , .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u289243df112acfbda0fdc5bad8d647af:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leadership Essay SummaryImmediately following the toast, Katherine begins to follow up the conspicuousplan. Minghella uses on a normal lens for this shot. Both Katherine and her backgroundare in focus. Also, in view at this time is Count Almasy, still in his position behind thebars of the window watching the acting Katherine. The window is shown at the middle ofKatherine fakes an illness and then denies permission to an escort who offers totake care of her. She meets up with Almasy in a doorway and walks behind him as theyhold hands and go into a back private room of the Embassy. The lighting in the doorwayis dark. At no time during this scene is there any artificial light ing. The sound heard atthis time is of people talking as they congregate just outside of where the two areinteracting.The viewers see a close up of the Katherine and Almasy through a telephotolens when Almasy begins to undress Katherine Clifton. A beautiful cutting rhythm isincorporated as the camera swiftly moves from the face of Katherine to the face ofAlmasy back to the face and body of Katherine and then a shot of both of their faces. When shown, the heads of the characters dominate the entire screen and littlebackground in visible. To add irony to the situation, the song Silent Night has soundedduring their interaction. This music starts precisely when Almasy puts his hand on thedress and bra strap of Katherine and gets louder as they proceed to undress and climaxesas they are having sex. In addition to Silent Night we also hear echoes coming from anorquestra. Katherine and Almasy contradict the lyrics of the Christmas carol. Theemphasis here reinforces the fact that it is Chri stmas and they are committing a severeAs the scene progresses, there is a zoom in on the neck of Katherine. The camerafocuses on the neck of Katherine. It is specifically on the sensitive section right above thecollar bone. This shot foreshadows a later remark made by Almasy during a sequencewhen he and Katherine make love and Almasy states: I claim this for me. The otherobject which is in extreme focus and is zoomed in on is Katherines pearl necklace. Thepearl necklace, which is a valuable accessory and could also be used as a term whichcontains sexual reference, is representative of Katherines marriage to Geoffrey Clifton,her current husband. The off white color of the pearls suggests innocence, acharacteristic which Katherine obviously contrasts. The shot cuts to show the man playing the bag pipes. The musician is located onthe left half of the screen leaving the right side displaying a window characterized bysmoked glass. Through this window, we are able to see shadows of Almasy and Cliftonmaking love. The music reaches its climax in terms of intensity and loudness at thispoint and the suspense also reaches a maximum. The scene cuts to Katherine one final time and her head is dominating the entirescreen from left to right. The sound of Silent Night fades out and the scene cuts backto the courtyard where the soldiers are sitting. The camera at this point is where it wasfor the original toast, high above, tilting down. The scene ends with the soldiers raisingthere glasses for another toast.The toast shows satire as it appears as if they aredrinking to the fact that Katherine and Almasy just finished their lovemaking when theyare actually making a toast with regard to the war or holiday. The English Patient utilizes all aspects of cinematography so brilliantly which iswhy there is such a tremendous amount of meaning. The dialogue is so deep andsignificant that every line should be carefully listened to and thought about. Although thedialogue was limited in my scene, the sound of Silent Night and the music from theorquestra played a significant role in determining the scenes meaning.All of the rest of technicalities of the scene are consistent with the rest of the film. In the scene, along with the rest of the film, there is no artificial lighting. Most of the keylighting came from the sun or the moon. For scenes inside, either light came throughwindows or certain objects that were used on the set gave light. For example if acharacter utilized a flashlight, that would provide the source of light. Other examplesinclude light from bonfires and lanterns. The type of camera lens which dominated myscene and most of the film was a telephoto lens. The telephoto lens is chara cterized by ashallow depth of field. Given that, only the close objects are in focus while thebackground images are blurred. Minghellas use of a telephoto lens time and time againduring climatic points also highlights and emphasizes the two themes mentioned above. Ifeel it is also necessarily to complement the superb job on the costumes and makeup. Itadded a sense a realism in an extraordinary amount. Lastly, the cutting rhythm during myscene and the entire film were similar. Although sometimes slow, often times they werequick creating a sense of realism and suspense which made the viewer want to watch on. Bibliography:

Fin/370 Starbucks Ethics Compliance free essay sample

Ethic and Compliance FIN/370 Ethics and Compliance Starbucks celebrates 40 years with 17,000 stores in more than 50 countries (Goals Progress, 2010). Starbucks thrive on their values as a company to improve the lives of people who grow their coffee, neighborhoods where the company does business, and they care for the environment (Goals Progress, 2010). Starbucks strives to incorporate good business practices and ethics across the globe not only for the enhancement of the company but also for the enhancement of the stakeholders and the communities the company impacts. Starbuck’s mission statement is â€Å"to inspire and nurture the human spirit. As said by Howard Schultz, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, in the 2010 Starbucks Global Responsibility Report; â€Å"one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. † Ethical Behavior Ethical standards play an intricate role in safe guarding companies’ assets. To ensure that all employees understand what the company expects of them, Starbucks establishes procedures for the employees to follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Fin/370 Starbucks Ethics Compliance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of Starbucks’ procedures is to use â€Å"ethical trading and responsible growing practices† (Ethical Sourcing, 2011, para. ). This procedure ensures that Starbucks’ product is the best on the market. Starbucks has also established Coffee and Farmed Equity (CAFE) Practices. The CAFE Practices are a set of measurable standards focused in four areas: Product Quality, Economic Accountability, Social Responsibility, and Environmental Leadership (Starbucks Corporation, 2011). The CAFE Practices are in place to ensure that all parties involved are conducting business ethically. Product Quality is essential to ensure repeat business. Economic Accountability is set in place to ensure that the company purchases products ethically. Starbucks has a third-party to evaluate Social Responsibility and Environmental Leadership (Starbucks Corporation, 2011). These two areas evaluated by a third-party, guarantees Starbucks is treating their employees and the environment ethically. Starbucks’ ethics have contributed to their many years of success. SEC Regulations The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a federal agency, which is responsible for enforcing federal security laws and regulations, the nation’s stock exchanges, and other electronic security markets (Keown, Martin, Petty, Scott, 2005). Starbucks as well as other corporations must conform to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Starbucks make every effort to comply with the SEC regulations by providing the company’s financial state on the company’s website. Starbucks’ website provides annual reports, proxy filings, quarterly reports, 10-K’s, 10-Q’s, and Section 16 filings regarding insider trading (Starbucks Corporation, 2011). Starbucks must report all financial standings. If Starbucks fails to report the required information, the SEC has the authority to take legal action. Financial Performance The Financial performance of a company is the measuring (in monetary teams) of the firm’s polices and operations. These measurements consist of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Assets, and Net Profit Margin. Measuring a company’s financial performance help the company know where they profits are and in what areas of any that the company may need to improve. These measurements can determine the success or failure of a company. In the December 2009, National Federation of Independent Business report shows that two thirds of businesses make no profit. This is not the case with Starbucks. Current Ratio The current ratio of a company examines the credit from a liquidity standpoint. To see how much short-term liabilities the business can pay off with short-term assets. The higher the number of this ratio represents how wisely the company manages their cash and pays their debts. If the number is lower it translates as poor cash flow and would mean that in the instance the company needed to pay debts off they would have to liquidate fixed assets such as inventory or equipment. The formula for figuring the current ratio is: [pic] Starbucks reported their current assets as $2,756. 4M and the current liabilities as $1,779. 1M in 2010. Using these numbers show a ratio of 1. 549; this is a fairly low number for a company considering anything under â€Å"1† is reason for concern. Starbucks reported their current assets as $2,035. 8M and $1,581. 0M in 2009. Using these numbers show a ratio of 1. 287; this number is also considerably low but does show improvement from 2009 to 2010. Starbucks acknowledges the need for liquidity but comply with federally limits and believes the credit risk to be very minimal (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). Debt to Equity Ratio The debt to equity ratio examines the credit from a financing standpoint to see how much equity and debt is the company using to finance its assets. The debt to equity ratio determines how much of their growth the company is experiencing by increasing debt and shows if the company had to pay off debt and how much money would remain for the shareholders profits. The formula for figuring the debt to equity is: [pic] Starbucks reported their total liabilities as $2,703. 6M and the shareholder equity as $3. 674. 7M in 2010. Using these numbers one can show a ratio of . 36; this number should be low and under â€Å"1† so this number is an attractive ratio. Starbucks reported their total liabilities as $2,519. 9M and shareholder equity as $3,045. 7 in 2009. Using these numbers the company can show a ratio of . 828 meaning that the debt to equity ratio improved from 2009 to 2010. Return on Assets The profit produced by invested capital is the return on assets. Th e operating return on assets (OROA) ratio takes into account an organization’s success in controlling expenses and the efficient use of assets to generate the organization’s sales (Titman, Keown, Martin, 2011). One can measure the return on assets ratio by the net operating income divided by the total assets. [pic] Starbucks reported an operating income of $390M and $5. 576M in total assets for 2009. Starbucks ended the fiscal year with an operating income of $390M compared to $315M in operating income in 2008 (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). This shows an increase in operating income from 4. 9% to 5. 7% from 2008 to 2009. However, Starbucks reported a decrease in total assets in 2009 of $5. 576M compared to 2008 when the reported total assets were $5. 72M (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). Starbucks decrease in total assets occurred because of related The United and international store closures, charges incurred for unoccupied office space resulting from reduction in corporate positions and organizational structural changes, and under-performing company-oriented retail operations. Although Starbucks reported a decrease in total assets, the organization’s operating return on assets was 7% for the 2009 fiscal year. Net Profit Margin Firms use net profit margin to measure the amount of net income per $1 of sales. Reviewing net income as a percentage of total sales can allow investors and regulators to compare Starbucks Corporations ability to manage its income statement year over year. [pic] Net income in 2009 for Starbucks Corporation was $390. 8M with total sales of $9,774. 6M (Starbucks Corporation, 2009). A focus on supply chain improvements, back-end IT systems, and a better go-to-market engine helped remove $580M of costs from the business in fiscal 2009 (Starbucks Corporation, 2009). The net profit margin in 2009 was 3. 9% that includes $17M of store operating expenses that offset with an income tax credit that result in 30. 1% effective tax rate (Starbucks Corporation, 2009). Starbucks Corporation Net Profit Margin 2009 [pic] In 2010 net income increased to $945. 6M and total sales for Starbucks Corporation rose to a record $10,707. 4M (Starbucks Corporation, 2009). Income taxes in 2010 did not include a tax credit, resulting in a 34. 0% effective tax rate and 2011 tax rates expect to range from 34% to 35% (Starbucks Corporation, 2009). The net profit margin in 2010 rose to 8. 83%. Starbucks Corporation Net Profit Margin 2010 pic] The increase in Starbucks net profit margin show a stronger company emerged in fiscal 2010 after consumer trends and a weakened global economy in 2009. Investors should be aware of the 2009 income tax credit, which inflates the year-over-year not profit margin when determining future financial decisions. Conclusion Starbucks continues to set fourth standards in operating practices, ethics, and helping the community. The company also continues to thrive in the business world as they strive for the highest quality of customer service and providing a high quality of products. Starbucks shows commitment to shareholders by complying with the SEC to protect the company’s financial state. Starbucks provides financial reports on their website, and manages their cash and depts. Managing a company with these standards helps a company continue its success. Starbucks success shows in its current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and net profit margin reports. These reports along with Starbucks firm operating practices shows Starbucks is a stable and trusting company. References Goals Progress. (2010). Starbucks Global Responsibility Report: Message from Howard Schutltz (para. 1). Retrieved from http://www. starbucks. com/responsibility on July 23, 2011. Goals Progress (2010) Starbucks Global Responsibility Report: Year Review: Fiscal 2010. Retrieved from http://www. starbucks. com/responsibility on July 23, 2011. Keown, A. , Martin, J. , Petty, J. , Scott, D. (2005). Financial Management: Principles and Applications (10th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc. National Federation of Independent Business. (2009). Financial Performance. Retrieved from http://www. financialperformancecenter. com/The_Financial_Performance_Center/Why_Switch. html on July 24, 2011. Starbucks Corporation. (2009). Starbucks Investor Relations. Retrieved from http://investor. starbucks. com/phoenix. zhtml? c=99518p=irol-reportsAnnual. Starbucks Corporation. (2011). Ethical Sourcing. Retrieved from http://www. starbucks. com/responsibility/sourcing Titman, S. , Keown, A. J. , Martin, J. D. (2011) Financial Management: Principles and Applications (11th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc.

Coffee Cup and Bomb Calorimetry

Coffee Cup and Bomb Calorimetry A calorimeter is a device used to measure the quantity of heat flow in a chemical reaction. Two of the most common types of calorimeters are the coffee cup calorimeter and the bomb calorimeter. Coffee Cup Calorimeter A coffee cup calorimeter is essentially a polystyrene (Styrofoam) cup with a lid. The cup is partially filled with a known volume of water and a thermometer is inserted through the lid of the cup so that its bulb is below the water surface. When a chemical reaction occurs in the coffee cup calorimeter, the heat of the reaction is absorbed by the water. The change in water temperature is used to calculate the amount of heat that has been absorbed (used to make products, so water temperature decreases) or evolved (lost to the water, so its temperature increases) in the reaction. Heat flow is calculated using the relation: q (specific heat) x m x Δt Where q is heat flow, m is mass in grams, and Δt is the change in temperature. The specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius. The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C). For example, consider a chemical reaction that occurs in 200 grams of water with an initial temperature of 25.0 C. The reaction is allowed to proceed in the coffee cup calorimeter. As a result of the reaction, the temperature of the water changes to 31.0 C. The heat flow is calculated: qwater 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C) x 200 g x (31.0 C - 25.0 C) qwater 5.0 x 103 J The products of the reaction evolved 5,000 J of heat, which was lost to the water. The enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the heat flow for the water: ΔHreaction -(qwater) Recall that for an exothermic reaction, ΔH 0, qwater is positive. The water absorbs heat from the reaction and an increase in temperature is seen. For an endothermic reaction, ΔH 0, qwater is negative. The water supplies heat for the reaction and a decrease in temperature is seen. Bomb Calorimeter A coffee cup calorimeter is great for measuring heat flow in a solution, but it cant be used for reactions that involve gases since they would escape from the cup. The coffee cup calorimeter cant be used for high-temperature reactions, either, because they would melt the cup. A bomb calorimeter is used to measure heat flows for gases and ​high-temperature reactions. A bomb calorimeter works in the same manner as a coffee cup calorimeter, with one big difference: In a coffee cup calorimeter, the reaction takes place in the water, while in a bomb calorimeter, the reaction takes place in a sealed metal container, which is placed in the water in an insulated container. Heat flow from the reaction crosses the walls of the sealed container to the water. The temperature difference of the water is measured, just as it was for a coffee cup calorimeter. Analysis of the heat flow is a bit more complex than it was for the coffee cup calorimeter because the heat flow into the metal parts of the calorimeter must be taken into account: qreaction - (qwater qbomb) where qwater 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C) x mwater x Δt The bomb has a fixed mass and specific heat. The mass of the bomb multiplied by its specific heat is sometimes termed the calorimeter constant, denoted by the symbol C with units of joules per degree Celsius. The calorimeter constant is determined experimentally and will vary from one calorimeter to the next. The heat flow of the bomb is: qbomb C x Δt Once the calorimeter constant is known, calculating heat flow is a simple matter. The pressure within a bomb calorimeter often changes during a reaction, so the heat flow may not be equal in magnitude to the enthalpy change.

Writrer choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writrer choice - Essay Example The notion that only African, as opposed to other races, were only fit to serve as slaves was an invention of whites who were in need of a working class.2 The working class, however, had to be legitimized; the legitimacy was that Africans could not fit elsewhere, but in the institution of slavery. More specifically, this paper compares the works of David walker’s appeal to the colored citizens of the world and Leslie Harris’s in the shadow of slavery. It will be argued that class was fundamental in institutionalization of the racial slavery, and the race solidarity in New York in the seventieth century. David Walker is a male abolitionist of an African- American origin. Further, the outspoken abolitionist was born to a slave father, but the mother was a free black mother.3 However, owing to the status of his mother, David Walker enjoyed that status of being a free black person. The author used his position as a free person to speak against the evils of slavery. In this work, appeal to the colored citizens of the world, the author writes against the evils of slavery in a bid to draw the attention of African American to a need for abolition of this practice. The first goal of his writing is to encourage the solidarity of African living under slavery. Walkers’ position as a free African during a period when slavery is ubiquitous in New York is likely to be instrumental in luring slaves into seeking a free African status. Whites during this era of slavery in New York have established a social class, and justified their actions as far has holding slaves is concern. In essence, the white slave owners believe that Africans are inferior, and do not belong to the social class of whites.4 To illustrate this, the author writes, â€Å"Has Mr. [Thomas] Jefferson declared to the world, that we are inferior to the whites, both in the endowments of

Honor System a Professional Responsibility Essay - 1

Honor System a Professional Responsibility - Essay Example They cannot afford any blunder in their behavior which may lead others to think anything in contrast to the behavior and belief which was expected of that person. This set of rules, this guideline that is there to direct members on how to act or more specifically, how NOT to act, is called the honor code. In simple terms, it is there to uphold the honor of the community by avoiding any action which goes against its teachings. There are majorly two types of honor codes. One is academic and the other is for forces. The academic honor code is highly evolved into becoming perfect now. All major colleges and universities have their own honor codes which have been perfected to their own standards by trial and error. Students have found loopholes in each one of them and when discovered, the holes were filled by re writing the code for the new students. The result is that the present honor codes, though different, are very well defined and do not give any excuse to any student to behave in a way regarded as unacceptable. The honor codes for forces are present for all three, the Naval, Air Force and Military. At the heart of these honor codes, is the military honor code. Being trusted by the public for the welfare and security of that whole country, the military honor code is well defined and comprises of the essence of responsibility. It reads that "A cadet will not lie, cheat, or steal, nor tolerate those who do." (USAF Academy, 1985) This is all very interesting. Surely it shows how thoroughly the code encompasses the whole idea of the organization. The soldier knows by reading the code what his duties and responsibilities are and how to go about fulfilling them. This will help shape his life at the academies. From the very start he knows what is required of him and he will be following a clear cut path towards becoming the sort of soldier and commander that is required and expected of him by the nation.

Rome and Milan During the Renaissance Essay Example for Free

Rome and Milan During the Renaissance Essay The Renaissance is a period in the history of Europe beginning in about 1400. The word Renaissance in French means rebirth. During the Renaissance, there were many famous artists, many writers and many philosophers. Many people studied mathematics and different sciences. A person who is knowledgeable in many different things is sometimes called a Renaissance man. Leonardo da Vinci, who was a painter, a scientist, a musician and a philosopher, is the most famous Renaissance Man. The Renaissance started in Italy but soon spread across the whole of Europe. People † The time of Ancient Greece and Rome, when there were many philosophers, writers, painters, sculptors, architects and mathematicians was seen by people as a Golden Age, a time when things were beautiful, well-organized and well-run. This time had lasted from about 400 BC to about 400 AD. In the year 1400, in the city of Rome, people could wander around looking up at the ruins of a city that had once been great. Inside the broken walls that had been smashed in 410 AD were the remains of huge temples, sports arenas, public baths, apartment blocks and palaces. Nearly all of them were ruined and could not be used. Nearly all of them were half-buried in dirt. A lot of them were pulled down to use as building stone. But they showed people what great things could be done. Among the ruins of this once-great city, the people of Rome lived in cottages. They still went to church in the huge churches (basilicas) built by the first Christian Emperor, Constantine the Great, in the 4th century. They still held market day in the Ancient Roman market place of Campo dei Fiori (Field of Flowers). One day in 1402, into the middle of Rome, came a young man called Filippo Brunelleschi and a teenage boy called Donatello. They were fascinated by everything that they saw. They measured ancient ruined buildings, they drew things and they dug around for weeks looking for bits of broken statues and painted pottery that they could stick together. They were probably the worlds first archaeologists. By the time they went back home to Florence, they knew more about Ancient Roman architecture and sculpture than anyone had known for about a thousand years. Brunelleschi became a very famous architect and Donatello became a very famous sculptor. They both used the ideas that they had, when they were studying the remains of ancient Rome†. [1] During the renaissance there was great economic growth. †In the 13th century, much of Europe experienced strong economic growth. The trade routes of the Italian states linked with those of established Mediterranean ports and eventually the Hanseatic League of the Baltic and northern regions of Europe to create a network economy in Europe for the first time since the 4th century. The city-states of Italy expanded greatly during this period and grew in power to become de facto fully independent of the Holy Roman Empire; apart from the Kingdom of Naples, outside powers kept their armies out of Italy. During this period, the modern commercial infrastructure developed, with double-entry book-keeping, joint stock companies, an international banking system, a systematized foreign exchange market, insurance, and government debt. [2] Florence became the centre of this financial industry and the gold florin became the main currency of international trade. The new mercantile governing class, who gained their position through financial skill, adapted to their purposes the feudal aristocratic model that had dominated Europe in the Middle Ages. A feature of the High Middle Ages in Northern Italy was the rise of the urban communes which had broken from the control by bishops and local counts. In much of the region, the landed nobility was poorer than the urban patriarchs in the High Medieval money economy whose inflationary rise left land-holding aristocrats impoverished. The increase in trade during the early Renaissance enhanced these characteristics. The decline of feudalism and the rise of cities influenced each other; for example, the demand for luxury goods led to an increase in trade, which led to greater numbers of tradesmen becoming wealthy, who, in turn, demanded more luxury goods. This change also gave the merchants almost complete control of the governments of the Italian city-states, again enhancing trade. One of the most important effects of this political control was security. Those that grew extremely wealthy in a feudal state ran constant risk of running afoul of the monarchy and having their lands confiscated, as famously occurred to Jacques Coeur in France. The northern states also kept many medieval laws that severely hampered commerce, such as those against usury, and prohibitions on trading with non-Christians. In the city-states of Italy, these laws were repealed or rewritten†. [2] Romans architecture was also something developed during the renaissance. â€Å"The obvious distinguishing features of Classical Roman architecture were adopted by Renaissance architects. However, the forms and purposes of buildings had changed over time, as had the structure of cities. Among the earliest buildings of the reborn Classicism were churches of a type that the Romans had never constructed. Neither were there models for the type of large city dwellings required by wealthy merchants of the 15th century. Conversely, there was no call for enormous sporting fixtures and public bath houses such as the Romans had built. The ancient orders were analysed and reconstructed to serve new purposes†. [3] â€Å"The Roman orders of columns are used:- Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian and Composite. The orders can either be structural, supporting an arcade or architrave, or purely decorative, set against a wall in the form of pilasters. During the Renaissance, architects aimed to use columns, pilasters, and entablatures as an integrated system. One of the first buildings to use pilasters as an integrated system was in the Old Sacristy (1421–1440) by Brunelleschi†. [4] There were some people in Rome who weren’t Christian and even opposed it. â€Å"There are thousands of instances of this kind, where nothing will prevail,not even the majesty of the Christian name nor reverence for Christ himself (whom the angels fall down and worship, though weak and depraved mortals may insult him), nor yet the fear of punishment or the armed inquisitors of heresy. The prison and stake are alike impotent to restrain the impudence of ignorance or the audacity of heresy†. [5] The Roman renaissance was the greatest renaissance. â€Å"They left Florence for a city that was greater than Florence ever dreamed of being, They left for the imperial city they left for rome†. [6] Milan was also very important in the renaissance. â€Å"When we think of the Renaissance we automatically think of Italy, but we must not fall into thinking of the Italian peninsula during this time as a nation. Far from it he southern half of the Italian boot was the Kingdom of Naples. In the North was the most powerful of the city-statesthe Duchy of Milan†. [7] â€Å"Central to the city of Milan were the Dominicans. Church and state were not separate but two legs of a single civic being, neither of which could have survived long without the other. The home of the Dominicans, the church of Santa Maria della Grazie went from being a modest oratory in the middle ages to a major cathedral with its own elaborate monastery complex in the fifteenth century, becoming the centre of all learning in the city. It was here, in the refectory (dining hall) that Leonardo staged his Last Supper. It was here Bramante learned his trade, laying the foundation for the new St. Peters Cathedral in Rome. Unlike Venice or Florence, or Rome, Milan (aside from the Last Supper) is not known for its painting but for its robust power and pursuit of scientific knowledge. Architecture and engineering, science and religion were the key elements in its strong, towering presence as it cast a ponderous shadow over all of Italy during this time. †[8] References http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=gp=aa=iID=423 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_architecture#cite_ref-10 http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance